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一、感叹句:
1.作用:感叹句用于表达喜、怒、哀、惧等强烈的感情。
2.类别:主要有由感叹词how或what引导的两种。另外,陈述句、祈使句等,甚至一个单词或一个短语都可以通过改变语调或在句尾加感叹号!而表示强烈的感情,从而成为感叹句。如下表:
感叹句的几种类型:
特征句式结构例句
由how 引导How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
How+形容词+a+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!How popular Taylor Swift’s songs are!
How clever a boy!
由what引导What +a(an)+形容词+ 名词(+其他)!
What +形容词+名词复数(+其他)!
What +形容词+不可数名词(+其他)!What an interesting book (it is )!
What nice apples (they are)!
What cold water (it is )!
其他句子陈述句+!
祈使句+!
疑问句+!He went go school without breakfast!
Take good care of your brother carefully!
Aren’t they lovely!他们多可爱啊!
单词或短语单词+!
短语+!Thanks! Nonsense!胡说 Wonderful!
Be careful! Hurry up !
二、反义疑问句:
1.作用:表示怀疑或没有把握,需要对方用Yes或No回答。但有时是为了加强陈述句的语气,并不要求对方回答。
2.反义疑问句是放在陈述句后面的一个简短问句,也叫“附加疑问句”,通常用逗号与前面的句子隔开。复合“前肯后否,前否后肯”的原则。
3.反义疑问句部分由“系动词be、助动词或情态动词+主语”构成
4.陈述句和祈使句后的反义疑问句结构:
句子类型前面主句后面附加疑问句备注
陈述句肯定陈述句be ( do, can???)+not +主语+?必须用be (do, can???)等词和not的缩写式
否定陈述句Be( do, can ???) + 主语+?
祈使句肯定祈使句肯定祈使句,+will you(would you, won’t you)?
或can you (could you, can’t you)?等
否定祈使句否定祈使句,+will you?或can you?
以let, let us (me), let’s 引起的祈使句Let(Let us/ me)???, will you?
Let’s ???, shall you?
注意:有些反义疑问句,前面的句子形式上是肯定句,但是因为有never, hardly, no , few, little 等表示否定意义的词时,附加疑问部分的动词必须是肯定形式;但是,如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀的词如unsuccessful, impossible时,附加疑问部分仍然用否定形式。
如:He looks unhappy, doesn’t he?
Maria has few friends in China, _______?
A.has she B. doesn’t she C. does she
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